WebAPP/app/Models/Invitation.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany;

class Invitation extends Model
{
    public $timestamps = false;

    protected $fillable = [
        'email',
        'expires_at',
        'created_at',
    ];

    protected function casts(): array
    {
        return [
            'expires_at' => 'datetime',
            'accepted_at' => 'datetime',
            'created_at' => 'datetime',
        ];
    }

    public function creator(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by')->withTrashed();
    }

    public function players(): BelongsToMany
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Player::class, 'invitation_players');
    }

    public function isValid(): bool
    {
        return $this->accepted_at === null && $this->expires_at->isFuture();
    }

    public function isAccepted(): bool
    {
        return $this->accepted_at !== null;
    }

    public function scopeValid($query)
    {
        return $query->whereNull('accepted_at')->where('expires_at', '>', now());
    }
}